Emulating IBM PC compatible systems on Windows involves executing disk images or ROM files that contain the operating system, applications, or BIOS of those older systems. This process typically requires specialized software designed to mimic the hardware environment of the target system, allowing the software contained within the image to run. A common use case is recreating the experience of older DOS-based games or running legacy applications that are no longer compatible with modern operating systems.
The ability to replicate older computing environments on modern hardware provides several advantages. It preserves access to software that might otherwise be lost due to hardware obsolescence. It allows for the study and analysis of historical software and computing platforms. Furthermore, it enables the continued use of specialized applications that are crucial for certain workflows, particularly in fields such as engineering, scientific research, or data analysis where legacy software may have no direct modern equivalent. This capability also plays a role in software archiving and preservation efforts.